PODCAST: ¿Cómo han cambiado las deportaciones bajo la segunda administración de Trump? 

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Con la drástica reducción del número de inmigrantes que llegan a la frontera, el gobierno se ha enfocado en la deportación desde el interior del país, con el objetivo de lograr deportaciones masivas.

El presidente Trump en la frontera junto a Calexico, California, en 2019. (Foto oficial de la Casa Blanca por Shealah Craighead)

En materia de inmigración, la segunda administración del presidente Donald Trump ha traído varios hitos. El más reciente, según estimaciones de expertos, es el número de deportaciones de personas en el interior del país.

De acuerdo con el análisis realizado por el Migration Policy Institute (MPI), se estima que el Servicio de Inmigración y Control de Aduanas de los Estados Unidos (ICE por sus siglas en inglés) y la Oficina de Aduanas y Protección Fronteriza de Estados Unidos están en camino de alcanzar casi 600.000 deportaciones al final de su primer año.

Esta cifra supone un hito histórico: por primera vez, desde el 2014, ICE deportó a más personas desde el interior de los Estados Unidos que desde sus fronteras, señala el informe.

En comparación, sin embargo, el número de deportaciones está por debajo de las 685.000 deportaciones registradas por la administración de Joe Biden en el año fiscal 2024, y se encuentra lejos de la promesa de un millón de deportaciones al año.

Según las nuevas estimaciones, los encuentros con inmigrantes bajaron a unos 444.000 en el año fiscal 2025, lo que supone un dramático descenso con respecto a los 2.1 millones del año anterior. Es decir, una caída de casi el 80 por ciento.

Con la drástica reducción del número de inmigrantes que llegan a la frontera, el gobierno se ha enfocado en la deportación desde el interior del país, con el objetivo de lograr deportaciones masivas.

Pero con este nuevo foco, vienen mayores costos y transformaciones en las comunidades migrantes, dice el MPI, ya que las deportaciones desde el interior suelen requerir más recursos y causar más trastornos sociales al remover personas con profundos lazos en la comunidad.

Con el nuevo enfoque, el promedio de inmigrantes en los centros de detención de ICE ha aumentado rápidamente, alcanzando unos 60 000 a finales del año fiscal 2025. En septiembre de 2025, sólo el 3 por ciento de los detenidos lograron libertad bajo fianza frente al 26 por ciento del año anterior.

Aunque el gobierno prometió deportar a “criminales peligrosos”, el número de detenidos con antecedentes penales bajó del 65 por ciento en octubre de 2024 al 35 por ciento en septiembre de 2025, dice el informe.

Así que para hablar sobre el reporte y los cambios en inmigración, invitamos a Ariel Ruiz Soto, analista político del Migration Policy Institute y quien es el autor del reporte.

Más detalles en nuestra conversación a continuación.

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Will the price be right? What shoppers can expect for the holiday season

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By Candice Williams and Myesha Johnson, The Detroit News

FERNDALE, Michigan — Concerned about this year’s holiday season, the owners of Modern Natural Baby and Kids planned ahead. In addition to mailing out 10,000 Christmas catalogs for the first time, the store opened a warehouse to house more inventory, including stuffed animals and books.

“We bought a lot of this stuff in March and April when we were worried about tariffs and not having stuff available for Christmas,” said Emily Murray, who co-owns the Ferndale store with her husband, John. “We’ve been buying this stuff for a long time this year, and we have a warehouse that we’ve never had before, so primarily that was a result of tariffs.”

Retailers are preparing for a holiday season clouded by tariffs, inflation and economic uncertainty. Consumers will see higher prices, fewer deep discounts and tighter inventory in some categories. As a result, they are expected to be more selective with their purchases, trading down on everyday items like groceries to afford higher-priced gifts.

Deloitte projects that overall holiday spending will decline about 10% this year as consumers spend less due to economic concerns, while Adobe Analytics expects online holiday sales to rise about 5%, pointing to the strength of e-commerce even among increasingly budget-conscious households.

Despite these mixed forecasts, retailers remain optimistic that holiday sales will improve over slower traffic earlier this year.

“We’ve had such a long season of decline,” said Vic Veda, vice president of communications for the Michigan Retailers Association. “We’re continually hoping that we’re going to turn that corner. Seeing our retail index as high as it is for the outlook at the end of the year really tells us that retailers are very much looking forward to this holiday shopping season and hoping that the holidays will get folks back a little more compared to what they were this summer.”

Shoppers face higher prices

According to the Michigan Retailers Association, about 63% of retailers surveyed expect sales to increase through the end of the year, one of the highest outlooks in recent months. Of those surveyed, 31% said they anticipate their sales will decline, while 6% expect no change.

Veda said robust Halloween spending could point to a stronger-than-expected holiday season; the National Retail Federation projected sales would total a record $13.1 billion. She said that while inventory levels are generally stable, smaller stores face greater uncertainty due to tariffs and limited funds to buy ahead.

Overall, prices of goods are expected to keep increasing due to the tariffs and inflation, said Juan Mundel, associate professor of advertising and public relations at Michigan State University.

“Prices are expected to be higher this season, and while retailers are going to introduce discounts … consumers should not expect the same prices as last year,” he said.

Then there’s the issue of leaner supply. Stanley Lim, assistant professor of supply chain management at Michigan State, advises shoppers to buy early if they see something they want. This year’s retail challenges stem mostly from economic pressures, particularly rising logistics costs and tariffs.

“The supply chain isn’t broken … but it’s definitely running a lot leaner and more compact than before,” he said. “And so retailers will not feel the tinge of not having the stock or missing the containers, but (instead) maybe longer replenishment cycles and tighter margins. So they may be more selective in terms of what items they want to make available on the shelf this holiday season.”

Lim said many retailers are launching promotions at the beginning of November to get ahead of Black Friday, and even offering price guarantees to assure customers that early purchases will match any later markdowns.

Some retailers have already announced Black Friday and Cyber Monday deals. For example, Walmart offered a sneak peek last week of its first Black Friday Deals event that begins Nov. 14 online and in-store. The retailer is promoting what it calls its biggest lineup of deals, including “thousands of deals under $20,” John Furner, president and CEO of Walmart U.S., said in a statement.

Earlier this month, Meijer announced an early promotion of double mPerks savings on toys through Nov. 4, as well as the return of its Santa Bucks during select weeks in November and December. The retailer said it has hundreds of toys and gifts priced under $10, $20 and $30.

Mundel said Black Friday sales are ideal for consumers shopping for items like TVs and sportswear, while Cyber Monday will offer the best overall deals of the season.

“After Cyber Monday, prices will continue to increase, leading to the holiday season,” he said. Consumers will likely trade down on everyday goods like groceries and cosmetics to free up money for higher-priced gifts such as electronics and video games.

According to Deloitte, consumers are expected to spend an average of $1,595 this holiday season, down 10% from $1,778 in 2024. A majority of shoppers, 70%, plan to shop during the Thanksgiving week, up slightly from 68% in 2024. Traffic is expected to peak between late November and early December, including shopping events on Thanksgiving Day, Black Friday, Small Business Saturday and Cyber Monday.

One recent weekend at Modern Natural Baby and Kids, shoppers including Marisa Vinsky, 31, and Jon Young, 34, took advantage of the store’s free gift wrapping service. The Lansing, Michigan, couple bought a pop-up book that says “Hello” in seven languages as well as a sensory, weighted stuffed octopus for a 10-month-old baby girl.

Vinsky said she’d be shopping again online and at big-box stores like Costco and Home Depot around Black Friday in search of the best deals for an electric meat smoker for Young.

“The way the economy is right now … I typically shop online,” she said. “I don’t really go to stores, and that’s how I find things. One year, I got him a KitchenAid, and that was really easy to find online. I can imagine that with the economy and how much everything is being raised with tariffs, I can imagine the prices are going to be higher than average.”

At Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan, last week, holiday decorations were already on display amid preparations for Santa’s visit this week. General Manager Scott Lofton said he expects the mall to be busy during the holiday shopping season, especially on Black Friday.

Sisters Constance Laderoot and Chibwe Powell, both in their 40s, brought their mother to the mall to walk around. They weren’t holiday shopping just yet — instead, they picked up some clothing for themselves.

Laderoot said she thinks Black Friday shopping habits have changed, with fewer people lining up before dawn for deals. She said she’d like to see retailers offer more in-person deals and increase the number of items available at discount prices.

“I think most of us have scaled back a little, right?” she said. “So most people are doing online shopping, and then there’s some in-person shopping.”

Powell said she plans to start holiday shopping right after Thanksgiving, adding that because she also has some birthday gifts to buy: “I start shopping early.”

She’s looking forward to Macy’s perfume deals during the holidays. “Macy’s perfume situation, when it happens, it’s impressive,” she said.

Black Friday is still relevant, Powell said. “It’s just been a tradition. You don’t want to always go away from the tradition. I remember being nine months pregnant and shopping.”

‘If you see it now, get it’

Elle Dare, owner of Genuine Toys in Plymouth, Michigan, said preparing for this year’s holiday season has been especially challenging because tariffs have disrupted toy production and driven up prices.

“The toys that are produced for Christmas are made in the summer, and they stopped production because of tariffs,” she said. “So it’s spotty getting things in. Some things we know aren’t going to come in until January. One company, we get a box every other day of just one item. It’s hard.”

Dare said she hopes to have the store fully stocked by mid-November, ahead of Black Friday and Small Business Saturday. Vendors can’t guarantee delivery dates since overseas shipments take about eight weeks and face customs and tariff delays once they reach U.S. ports.

“I would tell people, if you see it now, get it,” she said. “If it does sell out, there’s no way we’re ever going to get another shipment before the holidays.”

Prices have increased due to tariffs. For example, an item that used to sell for $50 is now going to be $65. “At $50, it was a good deal, but will our customers be willing to pay $65 for it?” she said. “This is such an odd situation.”

MSU’s Lim said price increases due to tariffs are based on factors such as the product category and country of origin.

“Some (retailers) may be willing to absorb the cost, the additional cost to gain demand and loyalty, but others may not have sufficient margins to absorb, and so they will have to then pass down to the customers,” he said.

Some shoppers have already finished their holiday buying, Dare said, anticipating further price increases, while others are waiting to see what happens. She said some families may focus on one main gift for their children and supplement with a few less-expensive gifts.

“Even if the tariffs ended today, the tariffs have still been paid on the toys that are in the warehouses, so that cost still has to be passed on,” she said. “They wouldn’t immediately come down.”

Among the most popular products are Calico Critters and Smiskis, small collectible figurines sold at a handful of stores in Michigan. Genuine Toys limits purchases to two per customer due to high demand, Dare said.

Modern Natural Baby and Kids has already seen an influx of customers for the holiday season, said John Murray. The store carries brands including Jellycat and Sam & Julia.

“It’s insane already,” he said. “People have already started shopping. That’s the crazy part about it. Everybody’s kind of afraid that there’s not going to be inventory. … Everybody’s worried not that there’s not going to be toys, but will the best toys be available.”

The store employs 10 people, adding three staff members for the holiday season. “It’s going to help us out for the holiday season having the extra help,” said Emily Murray.

Larger retailers are also hiring seasonal workers to handle an increase in shoppers. For example, Target is offering additional hours to current employees and hiring seasonal team members across its nearly 2,000 stores and more than 60 supply chain facilities. Amazon said it is creating 250,000 seasonal positions nationwide, including 6,500 jobs in Michigan.

At Genuine Toys, Dare said she’s adding two workers to a staff of five.

Catching Fireflies plans to add three to five part-time workers at each of its locations in Berkley, Rochester and Ann Arborm, Michigan, to meet expected holiday demand. The store sells whimsical gifts, including novelty socks, kitchen gadgets and specialty cookbooks.

“Twenty percent of our sales happen in the month of December alone,” said owner April McCrumb. “Hanukkah and Christmas definitely play a huge part in our retail success. Once the holidays kick in, that’s when a lot of profit from being in the gift business comes.”

©2025 www.detroitnews.com. Visit at detroitnews.com. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.

The High Cost of Targeting International Students in Texas

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Gu was looking forward to his first semester as a master’s degree student in philosophy at the University of Houston in August. The 22-year-old, who asked the Associated Press to use only his family name because of the political sensitivity of his situation, had previously studied at Cornell University, received a full scholarship, and been awarded a visa after undergoing the usual screening and U.S. State Department interview in China, according to AP.

But when he arrived at the George W. Bush International Airport after a 29-hour flight, he found himself targeted by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officials. He was shunted into a room, where for the next 12 hours he was questioned three times by increasingly hostile officers. Under new Trump administration policies, all international students must now routinely submit to a review of all social media accounts: His phone and computer were confiscated and searched, and he was grilled about school papers, his social media posts, and about his parents’ politics. Gu initially agreed to speak to the Texas Observer but then did not respond to further emails. 

Gu has written vividly on Reddit about how his dream of an academic future in Houston ended in an airless limbo room where the lights never dimmed and the temperatures hovered at around 60 degrees. After being told his visa was being cancelled, he waited incommunicado for hours before being shuttled onto a flight home—banned for five years from re-entering the United States. 

The 22-year-old is among many students targeted under an initiative announced by the U.S. State Department in late May “to aggressively revoke visas for Chinese students, including any with connections to the Chinese Communist Party or studying in critical fields.” The purges came after calls from conservative Congressmen like Brandon Gill, a Flower Mound Republican, for banning all Chinese students.

China, India, and Mexico were the top countries of origin for 89,000 international students enrolled in Texas universities in 2023-24, according to a State Department report. Their expenditures pumped an estimated $2.4 million into the Texas economy. That academic year, nationwide international student enrollment reached an all-time high. But those doors have slammed shut on some students from China and other countries via a series of high-profile presidential public orders and more mysterious private directives issued under the Trump administration.

Early on, Trump directly called for a crackdown on students who’d participated in protests against Israel’s war on Gaza. But by April, the purge expanded. At least 1,800 international students already living in the United States with valid visas were abruptly dropped from a Student and Exchange Visitors database (known as SEVIS), according to data compiled by Inside Higher Ed. The root cause of this purge, disclosed only in responses to student lawsuits and in cryptic official statements, appears to have been a massive mash-up of names in SEVIS with other government databases in an effort to track any international student with any administrative paperwork irregularity or any court record, including a misdemeanor arrest or traffic ticket.

By May, those actions, coupled with a corresponding decline in granting interviews to students seeking visas in key countries like China and India, drove the number of monthly student visas down by 20 percent compared to the year before, State Department data shows. In June, travel bans blocked any students from some countries in the Middle East or Africa, including Iran. Meanwhile, State Department officials implemented enhanced screening protocols everywhere, and students in countries like India and Nigeria found it increasingly difficult to obtain interviews they needed. 

SEVIS’s October 2025 statistics for all U.S. foreign students—including those studying in language programs, flight schools, K-12, undergraduate, and graduate programs—show the number of Chinese students of all ages approved to study in Texas as of October was 7,913—3 percent fewer than in October 2024; those from India dropped 4 percent, and enrollment from neighboring Mexico flatlined.

Nationwide, universities that historically admitted higher percentages of Chinese and Indian students already face potentially large drops in new student enrollment and in tuition payments. Inside Higher Ed has reported that nine U.S. colleges and universities it surveyed reported a median enrollment decline among foreign students of 20 percent compared to 2024.

NAFSA: Association of International Educators has projected that the full picture could be worse: a “30-40 percent decline in new international student enrollment in the United States this fall.” Texas universities recently released preliminary enrollment numbers that show a few schools with historically large numbers of foreign students experienced overall enrollment declines. But international enrollment data was not provided; several Texas universities did not respond to requests for comment.

“The immediate economic losses projected here are just the tip of the iceberg,” Fanta Aw, executive director and CEO of NAFSA said in an emailed statement to the Observer. “International students drive innovation, advance America’s global competitiveness, and create research and academic opportunities in our local colleges that will benefit our country for generations.”

The timing of the Spring 2025 SEVIS purges, carried out weeks before college final exams, prompted panic for undergraduate and graduate students who received news from universities that their status had abruptly ended and they could be targeted by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). Many were nearing the end of their semesters; some had almost finished degrees. In the ensuing chaos, many feared detention or deportation—and losing university-related jobs and scholarships, thousands of dollars in tuition, plus the time they’d invested. According to Inside Higher Ed and the Texas Newsroom, at least 350 international students in Texas were targeted—about half enrolled in the vast University of Texas system.

Marlene Dougherty, an immigration attorney based in South Texas, told the Observer she normally never represents international students: Their routine paperwork is typically handled by university officials who work in international student services. But she sued the government in April on behalf of five students who had been attending the University of Texas-Rio Grande Valley when they were abruptly dropped from SEVIS. Those students were originally from Mexico and Iran, she said.

Other international students dropped from SEVIS joined large class-action cases filed in federal courts in April—and some within weeks won relief by arguing that everyone in the United States has a right to due process and that their rights had been violated. But a Texas federal court delayed the UTRGV students’ case several times. As they waited, the students’ names, along with the names of students dropped at other U.S. institutions, mysteriously reappeared in the SEVIS database.

In an interview, Dougherty said that her clients were informed that they can continue their studies, although their student visas have been revoked. “Their statuses were reinstated, but their visas were not. So they can’t travel out of the country—if they do they’re likely not going to be granted a new visa,” she said. Still, she’s optimistic that all of her clients will be able to finish their degrees.

Her Iranian client, like other Iranian immigrants nationwide, faces even bigger barriers. Iran is one of 12 countries that was targeted in June for a full ban on all immigrant and non-immigrant visas. (Another seven countries face a partial pan, including Cuba and Venezuela). 

According to State Department statistics, only about 12,400 Iranian students studied in the United States as of 2023-24, and Texas was one of their top destinations. But as of October 2025, 1,206 had been approved to study in Texas in all grade levels, fewer than last year, according to SEVIS data. Under the June ban, virtually no Iranians can get visas, including students who’d been approved after years of waiting. (Though exceptions can be made for relatives of U.S. citizens or dual nationals of another country.)

Immigration attorney Curtis Morrison, who has helped Iranian students navigate the process, said they always faced extensive vetting, with some waiting as long as six years. Now, they’re all barred. He said he’s advising those already here on student visas to post absolutely nothing on social media and act “basically as if they never left Iran,” he told the Observer.

UTRGV does not have a particularly high percentage of international students—only about 254 were classified that way, less than 1 percent of the student body in 2022. By comparison, the University of Texas at El Paso, UTEP, had more than 1,100 international students or about 5 percent, according to the UT system’s 2022 analysis. Other UT elite graduate research programs had much higher percentages of foreign students. 

Fall enrollment of international students is expected to suffer based on a combination of factors, per NAFSA. First, fewer student visas are being awarded, and students from nations that traditionally have sent the most students here, like India, have struggled to get the State Department interviews. Additionally, students already here—holders of I, J, and K visas for study, foreign exchange, or research—are still being targeted by ICE or by CBP as a result of the SEVIS purges or by CBP upon arrival in U.S. airports.

Chinese student enrollment nationwide has already dropped 5 percent in all programs compared to last year, per the SEVIS October 2025 statistics. But the declines in new student enrollment will likely be much higher. In June, to protest the administration’s policy, 700 U.S. scholars and experts on China signed a petition opposing the restrictions. Several Texans signed, including Stephen Field, co-director of the East Asian Studies Interdisciplinary Program at Trinity University in San Antonio. 

“The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 remains one of the most serious blemishes on America’s record of civil rights. The new visa policy toward Chinese students represents a troubling twenty-first-century parallel,” he told the Observer via email.

Another signatory was Patricia Maclachlan, a professor of government and Asian studies at the University of Texas at Austin, where for the last decade more than 1,200 Chinese students have enrolled each year. In an email, Maclachlan told the Observer that she recognizes “that relations between the U.S. and China are tense and that the U.S., for national security reasons, may have to curb Chinese access to certain sensitive technologies and academic programs. But the costs of imposing broad restrictions on Chinese students are great; they weaken or destroy opportunities for young Chinese and Americans to learn about one another and to establish the kinds of long-term interpersonal relationships that form the bedrock of bilateral trust building and enduring economic and diplomatic ties.”

In three decades, Maclahlan said she’d “worked with countless Chinese students at both the graduate level and in my undergraduate courses on the political economies and international relations of East Asia. My experiences with these students have been very positive—they have given me no reason to support their exclusion from our campuses.”

Tae Heung “Will” Kim, a graduate student at Texas A&M University, is a legal permanent resident; nevertheless, he too was targeted for interrogation and detention after his plane landed at the international airport in San Francisco in July. He had recently returned to South Korea to attend a wedding but considered Texas home: His parents, both U.S. citizens, emigrated from South Korea when he was 4 years old. But by the time his parents became naturalized citizens, he was too old to automatically win that designation.

At first, Kim’s relatives had no idea why he was being held at the airport, where initially he was unable to communicate with them or with an attorney. Kim, 40, is a longtime resident of Bryan-College station who is employed as a PhD researcher at A&M, where he was helping to develop a vaccine for Lyme’s disease. 

After he’d been detained more than a week at the San Francisco airport, his family hired an immigration lawyer who held a press conference to protest. Apparently, he was targeted, his lawyer Karl Krooth explained, after ICE found that he had, 14 years before, been arrested for possession of marijuana—a misdemeanor.
Months later, his ordeal continues. By September, Kim had been transferred first to an immigration detention center in Arizona and then to one in Texas. In early November, his name no longer appeared in the ICE detention database. He’d apparently been released while his case is reviewed, but his lawyer declined to comment on his current status. Krooth only told the Observer that he hopes to be able to provide an update soon.

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LA County sheriff investigating new sex battery claim against Sean ‘Diddy’ Combs

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LOS ANGELES (AP) — The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department said Monday it’s investigating a new sexual battery allegation against hip-hop mogul Sean “Diddy” Combs, who is serving a four-year prison sentence on prostitution-related convictions.

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A male music producer and publicist said he was asked to come to a photo shoot in 2020 at a Los Angeles warehouse, where Combs exposed himself while masturbating and told the accuser to assist, according to NBC News, citing a police report. Combs then tossed a dirty shirt at the man, the producer said.

The accuser, whose name is redacted in the police report, said he did not tell anyone for several years because he felt embarrassed. He came forward to police in Largo, Florida, this September, shortly after Combs was convicted on other charges.

Combs’ lawyer did not immediately respond to an email from The Associated Press seeking comment on the latest allegations.

The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department said it received an official copy of the report from the Florida department on Friday, and will be investigating the allegations.

The report also details an incident from March 2021 in which the accuser claims two men covered his head before Combs came into the room and called him a snitch, according to NBC.

Combs was convicted in July of flying his girlfriends and male sex workers around the country to engage in drug-fueled sexual encounters in multiple places over many years. However, he was acquitted of sex trafficking and racketeering charges that could have put him behind bars for life.

He is set to be released in May 2028, though he can earn reductions in his time behind bars through his participation in substance abuse treatment and other prison programs.