The architect who brought baseball back to the St. Paul’s West Side

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When James Garrett, Jr. informed families whom he previously coached in Little League on St. Paul’s East Side that he relocated to the West Side, some jumped at the chance to join him at the El Rio Vista Recreation Center fields on Robie Street, regardless of the commute.

“We had to be here. We had to,” said Pat Sofie, who drove in from the East Side with her great-grandson for Thursday’s play-off game against the Shoreview Mustangs. Gaige Christiansen-Sofie, who just recently turned 10, sat out the game with an injured elbow, but arrived suited up anyway, ready to cheer on his teammates in the newly formed West Side Raiders.

It made no difference to Sofie and other parents and grandparents this summer that Garrett’s new “11-and-under” traveling baseball team — the West Side’s first in nearly a dozen years — had drawn only one 11-year-old. Nor did it matter that they played in the lowest-ranking division — 11A — within the Minnesota Youth Athletic Services (MYAS) Gopher State Baseball League.

Garrett’s underdog 9-year-olds and 10-year-olds would try their best all summer against suburban kids as much as two years older.

More often than not, they’d fail. They went on to win just three games all season. And after each game, win or lose, parents seated in lawn chairs along Robie Street’s boulevard grass would stand up, walk over to “Coach James,” and shake the hand of the man who brought youth baseball back to the West Side.

“We played bigger teams the whole year so we got used to it,” said a smiling 10-year-old Cam Dodd, whose parents drove him to El Rio Vista from Maplewood all season, after the unsuccessful play-off game against the Mustangs on Thursday. “You have to stay in there and fight.”

A Bush Fellow, architect and coach

As a St. Paul-based architect with a flair for urban design, Garrett spends a fair amount of his

waking hours imagining how to build better cities, including amenities that appeal to artists, young people and communities of color.

Garrett, a recent winner of the Bush Foundation’s prestigious Bush Fellowship, is the co-founder of the nationally recognized architecture firm 4RM+ULA, which is based in downtown St. Paul.

Once his work day is done, he switches focus entirely. In and around Robie Street, he’s better known as the man who brought youth baseball back.

“We’re small, we’re scrappy. I love these guys,” said Garrett, during Thursday’s game. “This community has welcomed us since day one.”

Garrett, who played baseball for Central High School, where the stadium is named after his grandfather, is all about getting the West Side Boosters — a.k.a. the newly-formed Raiders — sliding into third. “Parate, Nico!” he yelled over to his 9-year-old son in Spanish on Thursday, encouraging him to stand up after a tough play.

Garrett, who was born in the U.S. Virgin Islands, is married to a Dominican woman, and the two maintain a bilingual household, which has come in useful on St. Paul’s West Side, which has been home to generations of Mexican-Americans.

“This is a very good group of families, and the kids are amazing,” said Paola Garrett, folding her lawn chair after Thursday’s game. “The kids are committed. And it’s bringing fun to the West Side. It’s not about winning or losing. It’s about teamwork, being respectful, listening to the coach.”

‘He doesn’t get mad’

Families said they appreciate his “gentle giant” approach. “James, he doesn’t get mad at anybody,” said Sofie, watching Garrett enter the ball field to offer some gentle words of advice to a player. “He’s going in there and talking to the pitcher. He’s a first-class act.”

Urban baseball has had a tough time recruiting young people for years. Founded in 1990, the storied organization that gave Minnesota Twins stand-out and National Baseball Hall of Fame inductee Joe Mauer his start — Midway Baseball — called it quits in 2023, though a new organization — Como Ball — has attempted to fill the vacuum.

A woman’s softball team, St. Paul Rookies Fastpitch, also signaled this year that low membership likely meant its end after 40 years.

Danny Franco, who has coached football on the West Side for 33 years, said football remains a huge draw on the West Side, as does cheerleading. Still, he remembered a time when the West Side Boosters hosted six 10U baseball teams at once, and an 18U team through a partnership with Humboldt High School.

That dwindled gradually, then disappeared altogether. “We struggled this year with our softball,” Franco said. “We did camps, but we didn’t get into a league.”

It takes more than one believer to turn things around.

Garrett said he found a bit of a kindred spirit this year in Jill Thurstin, an assistant coach who also organizes tackle football and flag football for the West Side Boosters. She said she foresees good things ahead, like the 9U team that formed this year under Franco’s son, Alexis Franco, 26. His 9U team played this season in a league based out of West St. Paul.

With T-ball and other in-house teams eventually feeding into traveling 9U teams, and traveling 9U teams feeding into 11U teams, there’s a chance the West Side Boosters — who once dominated state tournaments — could soon seed traveling teams for older kids, as well.

“That’s the plan,” said Thurstin, beaming after Thursday’s game. “The Boosters were huge for so many years. We’re back.”

A time of gradual rebuilding

Garrett, who moved to the West Side around 2020, began hosting free weekly “skills and drills” lessons at the El Rio Vista rec center last fall, and then built a team of ball players over the winter. All but one of the West Side Raiders are age 10 and under, not 11, putting them at a physical disadvantage within the MYAS/Gopher State Baseball League.

No matter. For underdogs, said Garrett, they’re holding their own. As they age into the 11U bracket, they’ll soon be seasoned veterans. Unstoppable, irrepressible giants, even.

“We will continue playing 11U travel baseball in the fall league and again next summer,” said Garrett, after losing to the Mustangs on Thursday. Tryouts are scheduled for Aug. 10 at 10 a.m.

Garrett, who can trace his maternal roots in St. Paul’s Rondo neighborhood to the 1880s, is the grandson of James Griffin, who became the city’s first Black deputy police chief in the 1970s.

The James Griffin Stadium at Central High School and the St. Paul Police Department’s Grove Street headquarters — the James S. Griffin building — are both testaments to his grandfather’s legacy.

These days, Garrett is gradually building a legacy of his own. In recent years, he helped repurpose a vandalized car dealership into the new Springboard for the Arts headquarters on University Avenue. He also led the design of the $12 million Juxtaposition Arts campus in North Minneapolis.

He received the American Institute of Architects “Young Architects” award in 2019 and has served as an adjunct instructor in architecture at the University of Minnesota. He’s also been active in efforts related to situating housing and business development along public transit corridors, including serving on the Metropolitan Council’s “Livable Communities” committee.

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But it’s his love of baseball that has turned the most heads on Robie Street, and assistants like Thurstin have helped keep up the momentum.

“We really admire the way they coach and think they’re amazing,” said Krystle Dodd, who drove her son Cam into games and practices all season. “The community is wonderful.”

Business People: John Heshelman named chief investment officer at Securian

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FINANCIAL SERVICES

John Heshelman

Securian Financial, St. Paul, announced the promotion of John Heshelman to vice president and chief investment officer. Heshelman joined Securian Financial in 2021 as the head of private credit.

EDUCATION

Kiddie Academy, a national chain of franchised early childhood learning centers, announced the planned opening and ground breaking of a location at 805 Stephens Way in Woodbury. The franchise is owned and operated by Andrew and Amye Lemon, and Josh and Caitlin Orloff.

FOOD INDUSTRY

QualiTru Sampling Systems, an Oakdale-based liquid sampling service and equipment provider for dairy and food industry quality and safety controls, announced David Roesser as chief executive officer. He succeeds Ian Davis, who is retiring. Roesser joins QualiTru after serving as CEO of Encina Development Group.

HONORS

The Minnesota Elder Justice Center, a Minneapolis-based support organization for vulnerable elder adults and their families, announced Martin Fleischhacker as its 2025 Jane Ochrumowycz Award for Advocacy recipient. Fleischhacker was senior financial fraud ombudsman and civil enforcement liaison at the Minnesota Department of Commerce. The award recognizes Minnesotans for their outstanding advocacy for vulnerable adults. … The Courage Project, a national initiative of major philanthropies and nonprofits, announced that Isaac Garcia from Isaac’s Blessing Bags in St. Paul is included in its second slate of awardees. Issac’s Blessing Bags supports homeless individuals by providing basic needs through bags filled with essential lifestyle goods. The Courage Project is designed to honor everyday acts of civic bravery that safeguard democracy and strengthen community life.

LAW

Fredrikson, Minneapolis, announced that attorney Luke Vetter has joined its Real Estate & Construction Group. … Fish & Richardson, Minneapolis, announced the promotion of Elham Dehbozorgi to general counsel, effective July 1. She succeeds Roger D. Feldman, who will retire on Dec. 31. Dehbozorgi was named the firm’s inaugural chief legal risk officer in august 2024. … The Minnesota State Bar Association announced the following members of its 2025-2026 Executive Committee: President: Tom Pack, Faegre Drinker; President-Elect: Kenya Bodden, Amazon; Treasurer: Nicole Kettwick, Brandt Kettwick Defense; Secretary: Sarah Soucie Eyberg, Soucie Eyberg Law, and Brooke Hein, Monarch Healthcare Management, chair of the New Lawyers Section. … The Ramsey County Bar Association announced the following new leaders for the 2025-26 bar year: President: Maya Missaghi, Moersch, Dorsey & Hahn; President-Elect Racey Rodne, Vice President: Judge Joseph Meyer; Secretary/Treasurer: Sheina Long; immediate past president: Andrew Rorvig. Cheryl Dalby serves as the CEO of the Ramsey County Bar Association, Minnesota State Bar Association, and Hennepin County Bar Association.

MANUFACTURING

Landscape Structures, a Delano, Minn.-based designer and maker of outdoor playground equipment, announced the promotion of Karlye Emerson to president and CEO, succeeding Pat Faust who has retired. Emerson began her career at Landscape Structures in human resources and was promoted to executive vice president in 2021.

MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

Avivomed, a Roseville-based developer of sleep apnea treatments, announced Dan Brounstein as chief executive officer and board member. Brounstein succeeds Steve Masson, who retired in May. Brounstein previously served as chief strategy officer at Saluda Medical.Medtronic announced the appointment of appointed Dr. Joon Lee, CEO at Emory Healthcare, to its board of directors. Medtronic is a Dublin, Ireland-based maker of electronic heart devices and spine treatments with executive offices in Fridley.

PHILANTHROPY

Ameriprise Financial, Minneapolis, announced it has donated nearly $2 million to more than 85 nonprofits across the U.S. as part of its first-round of 2025 grants. … Andersen Corp., a Bayport-based maker of windows and doors for residential construction, announced the following recipients of its spring 2025 grant round: Lakeview Health Foundation, $500,000 to expand health care access through the Lakeview Hospital campuses in Minnesota and Wisconsin, and Every Meal, $100,000 to support capital and capacity-building efforts, including building acquisition, for its “Setting the Table” campaign.

SPONSORSHIPS

The 2026 Special Olympics USA Games announced Minneapolis-based Target as a platinum partner and the official tennis sponsor. The games will be held in the Twin Cities, June 20–26, 2026.

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EMAIL ITEMS to businessnews@pioneerpress.com.

Lynx: Phee makes WNBA All-Star Game her own

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INDIANAPOLIS — Napheesa Collier played the role of All-Star captain perfectly.

First, the Lynx superstar made all the right picks for her roster. Then she answered all the labor questions. And finally, she showed everyone — even the WNBA’s young guns — how to stay focused on basketball.

The five-time All-Star scored a record 36 points, grabbed nine rebounds and led the aptly named Team Collier past Team Clark 151-131 in the highest scoring All-Star Game in WNBA history. Naturally, Collier was selected the MVP.

Minnesota Lynx’s Napheesa Collier holds the MVP trophy following a WNBA All-Star basketball game against Team Clark, Saturday, July 19, 2025, in Indianapolis. (AP Photo/Michael Conroy)

Collier made 13 of 16 shots, four from the specially designed AT&T logo 4-point-line that seemed perfectly aligned for Caitlin Clark, the other team captain who didn’t play because of a right groin injury. And it was all by design.

“I tried to make my team not have that many new players,” Collier said. “I’ve played with a lot of them, and so it was good to get back with them, play with … some of those new players I haven’t played with before.”

But for Collier, this weekend in Indianapolis was about much more than a single game.

The vice president of the Women’s National Basketball Players Association executive committee, co-founder of the Unrivaled basketball league and the league’s first one-on-one tournament champion, never got distracted by a demanding schedule that forced her to prioritize the WNBA’s future over adding another award to her trophy case.

Collier spent Thursday afternoon negotiating a new collective bargaining agreement and Friday answering questions from a throng of reporters detailing the meeting. On Saturday, she shared the pregame stage with Clark for a news conference between the captains. And after the game, there were even more questions about the CBA.

“I feel like I haven’t been able to forget it (Thursday’s meeting) because people won’t let us, which is amazing,” Collier said. “Just the awareness we’ve raised this weekend, you guys asking these questions, the fans doing the chants, that, like, gave me chills.”

But Collier also helped fuel the effort.

She, like the other All-Stars, wore a T-shirt that read “Pay us what you owe us” during pregame warmups.

Then she reinforced the message with a historic game.

Collier broke the All-Star Game’s individual scoring record while her team scored a record 82 first-half points. Another of Collier’s picks, Seattle guard Skylar Diggins, became the first player with an All-Star triple-double in the same venue where she led Notre Dame to the national championship game more than a decade ago.

And Collier even connected with rookie Paige Bueckers, her fellow former UConn star from Hopkins, for a basket. The captain couldn’t have scripted it any better.

“We set a lot of records,” Collier said. “Skylar had a triple-double, which is insane. It was just so fun. We had a great time.”

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Real World Economics: Elasticities help explain tariffs’ impact

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Edward Lotterman

Donald Trump keeps flipping and flopping on tariffs. Many are scheduled to kick in on Aug. 1, but who knows. Nevertheless, U.S. households and businesses need to gird their loins for the biggest and fastest economic adjustments since the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor brought us into World War II.

As things play out, we will make adjustments to what we buy, what we can sell, where we will work and now we will spend our free time.

How much will consumers cut their consumption of taxed imported goods? How much will we shift to substitutes or spend our money on unrelated alternatives?

How fast will domestic production of items hit with import taxes grow, as Trump suggests? And what about production ramping up in countries facing 10% U.S. tariffs when the historic dominant exporter faces 50% rates by the U.S.?

Economics offers us a tool to understand these issues — ones that will be critical over the next decade. It’s called “elasticities,” and it’s one of the fundamental concepts in economic analysis.

Elasticities explains and measures the degree to which changes in one variable affect another variable. Applied broadly they facilitate comparisons between different products, different eras, different countries and different currencies. The key is that they use objective percentage changes rather than subjective changes in quantity and value.

Start with an example of Mexican avocados facing high U.S. tariffs. Guacamole lovers like me wonder how much and how quickly U.S. production might increase. Not considering elasticities, ag economists might analyze historical data and conclude, “When avocado prices go up by 10 cents a pound, U.S. production increases by 232,000 crates per year.”

How does that compare to, say, Spain? “When the price there goes up by half a euro per kilo, output increases by 32,000 metric tons.” OK, what about fresh sweet corn? “Well, for every 25-cent increase per dozen ears, U.S. production goes up by 317,000 bushels.”

See the problem? How many avocados per crate or pounds of avocados? How many ears of corn per bushel? Using this approach, one must examine many years of data to get statistically valid conclusions. But doing that, we then would also have to consider that the overall buying power of a U.S. dollar has fallen by half since 1998 and that Europe now uses euros rather than francs, guilders and marks?

The solution is to ignore price and quantity units. Applying elasticities, we can pose all the changes in percentage terms. “When the price of avocados rises 10%, U.S. consumption falls by 4% … ”

You can apply that comparison to Spain or sweet corn or asparagus without getting into pounds, kilos, cases, bushels, dollars, euros or any other unit. You can analyze changes in price-quantity relationships in the 1960s when we ate a half pound of avocados per person annually and could get fresh sweet corn over a 60-day season. Now we eat nine pounds per person per year and can buy corn over at least 120 days. Forget quantity units. Ignore price changes. The percentage relationships alone give analytic power.

These “elasticities” can be used in all sorts of economic relationships. The common element is that we look at the percentage change in one variable relative to the percentage change in a related one.

Consider common examples:

• “By what percentage does U.S. consumption of avocados fall when their price increases by 15%?” That is an elasticity of demand, specifically their “own-price elasticity.”

• “By what percentage does U.S. consumption of corn chips fall when avocado prices increase by 15%?” That is an elasticity of demand, but a “cross-price” one where we look at the relationship between the price of one good and the consumption of a related good.

• By what percentage do consumer purchases of chunky tomato salsa rise when the price of avocadoes drops by 12%? That is also a “cross-price elasticity,” but one for products that are “substitutes” for each other. The prior example of chips and a key guacamole ingredient involve “complements,” or things that are consumed together. For consumers, salsa and guac compete with each other.

Then look at the producer side.

• By what percentage does U.S. production of avocados rise when import prices increase by 15%? That’s an elasticity of supply. The idea of related goods that are complements or substitutes similarly applies to supply and production as well as consumption.

• If the price of gasoline falls, what happens to production of paving asphalt? It increases because asphalt is a “complement in production” of refining crude oil into fuels. With lower prices, more gasoline is sold, more crude oil refined and more asphalt produced, even if the price of asphalt stays the same.

The common term for “complement” here would be “by-product.” When we had many integrated steel mills, higher steel output increased percentage production of Portland cement made from blast furnace slag even if cement prices had not changed a dime.

In Minnesota, despite predominance of corn and soybeans, oats and barley remain viable and are competing crops using near-identical inputs. They are “substitutes in production.” Oats is ideal for horses. When Canterbury Downs and hundreds of associated horses came in, the local price of oats rose compared to barley. Planted acres of oats increased slightly and barley fell.

In Manitoba, barley and canola are substitutes for farmers. Bad crops of corn and soy in the U.S. corn belt may reduce output of corn and soy oil, increasing prices. This may reduce next year’s sowing of barley in Manitoba. Farmers may plant more canola in the hopes of catching at least the tail end of the vegetable oil price increase.

Applications of elatsticies are almost endless and can be used to understand virtually all cause-and-effect relationships. Pollution: By what percentage would China’s emissions of carbon drop if the price of its coal increased 15%? Education: By what percentage do completed family sizes for Rwandan women fall for every 10% increase in the numbers of them who complete secondary school? Development: By what percentage does conversion of Brazil’s “campos cerrados” dry forests to farmland increase for every 5% increase in Chinese household incomes and thus of pork consumption?

Now let’s apply this to how the U.S. economy adjusts to Trump’s enormous tariff shock — regardless of whether it even shows up in actual price and quantity data.

The June Consumer Price Index showed an increase in the price of toys. Over time, how many fewer toys will parents buy? Will kids simply have to play with them longer? Will people buy more durable toys? Will trips to waterparks or minigolf outings make up for less lavish birthday bonanzas?

Furniture prices also went up. Will prices of used items at yard sales spike? Will skilled restorers have long waiting lists? With some women’s clothing also showing increases, will skilled tailors who can restyle and spiff up used dresses, tops and pants be able to raise rates without losing customers? Will charity shops see more buyers? Fewer donations? Both? Will someone seeking a master’s degree in consumer econ get funding from Goodwill for a thesis forecasting how used clothing donations and sales will respond to higher U.S. import tariffs?

Understand that nearly all elasticities vary with the length of time available for both producers and consumers to make adjustments. In the short run, it is hard for a coffee shop to change either menu or suppliers. Given more time, it can. Building a new brass foundry might take two years. In the meantime, industrial brass casting users will have to pay more for imports, eating some of the costs and passing some along.

So don’t believe assertions that tariffs will be a one-time price shock. Intertwined economic relationships are highly complex. Predicting details of how everything will fall out is nigh impossible.

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St. Paul economist and writer Edward Lotterman can be reached at stpaul@edlotterman.com.