By CHRISTOPHER RUGABER and ANNE D’INNOCENZIO, AP Business Writers

WASHINGTON (AP) — President Donald Trump’s new tariffs threaten to push up prices on clothes, mobile phones, furniture and many other products in the coming months, possibly ending the era of cheap goods that Americans enjoyed for about a quarter-century before the pandemic.

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In return, White House officials hope the import taxes create more high-paying manufacturing jobs by bringing production back to the United States. It is a politically risky trade-off that could take years to materialize, and it would have to overcome tall barriers, such as the automation of most modern factories.

Even after Trump’s U-turn on Wednesday that paused steep new tariffs on about 60 nations for 90 days, average U.S. duties remain much higher than a couple of months ago.

Trump has imposed a 10% tariff on all imports, while goods from China — the United States’ third-largest source of imports — face huge 145% duties. And there are 25% taxes on imports of steel, aluminum, cars, and roughly half of goods from Canada and Mexico.

As a result, the average U.S. tariff has soared from below 3% before Trump’s inauguration to roughly 20% now, economists calculate, the highest level since at least the 1940s.

Globalization’s effect on prices

Should they remain in place, such high duties would reverse decades of globalization that helped lower costs for American shoppers.

Other trends, including factory automation and technological innovation, particularly in electronics such as TVs, have also brought down prices. But imports help keep prices in check, economists say, partly because of lower labor costs overseas and because increased competition in the U.S. market forces American companies to be more efficient.

“Freer trade has helped moderate inflation over the long term,” said Scott Lincicome, a trade analyst at the libertarian Cato Institute. “If we are entering a more restricted supply side … then you’re likely to see more expensive stuff,” Lincicome said.

Bank of America estimates that the new duties could raise car prices an average of $4,500, even assuming that automakers absorb some of the tariffs’ impact. Such an increase would follow sharp price hikes of the past few years that have left the average price of a new car at a painful $48,000.

Aaron Rubin, CEO of ShipHero LLC, which provides software for merchants to help book shipments and track order deliveries, said his data indicates that retailers are already starting to raise prices to get ahead of the tariffs.

ShipHero’s data captures prices on several million products equivalent to about 1% of overall U.S. e-commerce sales. Prices rose 3.9% on Sunday and Monday on a variety of goods compared with the week before Trump announced more tariffs, Rubin said.

A long streak of low prices

After the double-digit inflation of the 1970s was defeated in the early 1980s, inflation still regularly topped 4% yearly until the mid-1990s, when freer trade and globalization began to intensify. From 1995 through 2020, it averaged less than 2.2%.

American shoppers reaped the benefits. Average clothing costs fell 8% from 1995 through 2020, at the same time that overall prices rose 74%, according to government data. Furniture costs were roughly unchanged. The average price of shoes rose just 10%.

Trump administration officials have at times acknowledged the prospect of higher prices from the tariffs.

In a speech last month to the Economic Club of New York, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said, “Access to cheap goods is not the essence of the American dream.”

The administration’s willingness to downplay the allure of cheap goods is a risky move, coming after the worst inflation spike in four decades from 2021 to 2023. The jump in prices for essentials such as groceries, gas and housing soured many voters on the economy under former President Joe Biden, despite low unemployment.

According to AP VoteCast, a nationwide survey of voters last November, about half of Trump’s voters said the high price of gas, groceries and other goods was the single most important factor in their vote. Another 43% of Trump voters said it was an important factor, even if it was not the most important consideration.

Some consumers say they are willing to pay more for U.S. goods.

Alisha Sholtis, 38, a nurse-turned-social media influencer, used to shop heavily on China-founded fast-fashion e-commerce site Temu, scooping up polyester tops and dresses for $5 to $25 and grabbing cheap electronics and toys. Products from Temu will now face huge new tariffs.

Yet Sholtis, who lives in Davison, Michigan, said she got tired of the clothes that fell apart after one washing and the toys that broke easily. She now shops elsewhere.

She applauds Trump’s goal of bringing some manufacturing back to the U.S. because she feels the move will lead to better quality. And she said she wouldn’t mind paying higher prices as a result.

“I would buy less of more higher quality things,” she said.

Kevin Hassett, Trump’s top economic adviser, acknowledged Sunday that “there might be some increase in prices” from the president’s tariffs.

But he noted that there have been trade-offs from globalization: “We got the cheap goods at the grocery store, but then we had fewer jobs,” he said on ABC’s “This Week.”

Yet many industries will find it hard to shift much production back to the U.S. in the face of the tariffs, particularly since the scope of the duties has been changing frequently. With duties on Chinese goods so much higher than in the rest of the world, many Chinese products will likely be routed through other countries, such as Vietnam, and pay a lower duty, economists say.

Shannon Williams, CEO of the Home Furnishings Association, a furniture trade group, said it can take years to set up a factory in the U.S. It’s not clear if there would be enough workers either, given the low U.S. unemployment rate of 4.2%.

And the most innovative furniture makers in the U.S. are using technology to reduce their labor needs. “They’re going through it and completely automating their assembly line,” she said.

China is the United States’ third-largest trading partner, and the U.S. imported more than $60 billion worth of iPhones and other mobile phones from China last year.

China also exported 1.2 billion pairs of shoes to the United States, according to the Footwear Distributors and Retailers of America. About 26% of U.S. clothes were imported from China in 2023, one study found, and about 80% of U.S. toys.

Williams said furniture prices likely won’t rise much anytime soon because most companies now import from other Asian nations, such as Vietnam or Malaysia.

Yet “globalization has definitely helped bring costs down,” she said. “There’s a reason you could buy a $699 sofa in 1985 and buy a $699 sofa today.”

D’Innocenzio reported from New York. Associated Press Writer Linley Sanders also contributed to this report.

Since entering the NHL as an expansion team in 2000, the Minnesota Wild have played 17 playoff series of varying lengths, none beyond the third round and only three beyond the first. Surprisingly, none of them have been against the Calgary Flames, an old rival from days of the Northwest Division.

To say Friday night’s Wild game in Calgary will have a playoff-type atmosphere is one way of looking at things, but the way the standings and remaining games are shaking out, it will, in fact, be like Game 4 of a best-of-seven playoff series that the Wild already lead 3-0.

Minnesota has three games remaining, Calgary four. The Wild (43-29-7) have a five-point lead on the Flames (37-27-14) for the final Western Conference playoff spot, meaning that a Wild win — in regulation, overtime or a shootout — would effectively knock Calgary out of the race for the postseason.

It also would clinch Minnesota’s first playoff berth under coach John Hynes.

The Wild are 0-1-1 against Calgary this season, the last being a 4-3 shootout loss at the Saddledome in November and a 5-4 home loss on Hockey Day Minnesota in January. With Calgary fighting to extend its season, and the Wild fighting to put the regular season drama behind them, Hynes expects a battle in Alberta.

“I think it’s going to be a highly competitive environment. It’s two teams that are in a heated playoff race,” he said after the Wild’s 8-7, overtime win over San Jose on Wednesday. “So, I think that lends itself to high intensity, not a lot of time and space, just I think a real battle in every sense of the word. I think the competitive nature of the game is going to be very high.

“I think the attention to detail and the mindset needs to be at a high level. I think both teams are probably going to bring it. It’s going to be a hard playoff style, playoff race right down to the end type of game.”

The narrative for the Wild this season has been driven by player health. The Wild roster Calgary saw in November was among the best in the NHL, best in the league on the road. The team Calgary saw in January was on the front end of roughly two months of offensive struggles that made the Wild vulnerable to late pushes from teams such as Calgary and St. Louis.

On Wednesday, the boisterous crowd inside Xcel Energy Center got a glimpse of that November team, with sure-fire sources of offense available for Hynes. In their return to the lineup, forwards Joel Eriksson Ek and Kirill Kaprizov combined for six of the team’s eight goals. What happens on the rink in Calgary on Friday might be indicative of whether that sweet music from before the New Year can be re-created now that the Wild have the band back together.

“That’s where we want to be, that’s where we believe we can be. … We’re getting healthy, you know, slowly but surely,” Wild goalie Marc-Andre Fleury said, after his win over the Sharks gave him 70 career overtime victories — tops in NHL history.

“If tonight can be a little bit of a show of what we can do, I think if we keep our grinding attitude from the last couple months and adding a little bit of offense here and there from these guys, I think we’ll be interesting.”

On Wednesday, Hynes said the revitalized Wild don’t want to be that NHL-leading team from last Thanksgiving. They want to be even better.

“I don’t think that it’s trying to get back to a team that we were, or whatever it is,” he said. “I think that it’s making sure that we’re a really good hockey team. Focused, we’re dialed in, we’re at the competitive level we need to to ice the game that should give us the best chance to win in the next game. And that’s all our focus is.”

Hynes sounded ready to lead two-dozen players into the playoffs, even if it feels like they’re starting a week early, on a Friday night not far from the Canadian Rockies.

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The Karen Read murder retrial has nearly enough jurors seated to begin and on Wednesday got a green light of sorts when the U.S. Supreme Court declined a defense request to stay the case.

Attorneys in the case against the Mansfield former financial analyst and Bentley College lecturer picked up three more jurors among the 58 potential jurors called on Wednesday, making a total of 15 jurors seated for trial: eight men and seven women.

Attorneys want to have at least 16 jurors in the final pool to leave a healthy number of alternates by the end of the trial — which Norfolk Superior Court Judge Beverly J. Cannone said could take as long as eight weeks. There will be 12 deliberating jurors.  Any remainder would be deemed alternates.

Read on Tuesday told reporters outside of court that opening statements in her trial could begin next Tuesday.

Read, 45, of Mansfield, is accused of striking Boston Police Officer John O’Keefe, 46, her boyfriend of about two years, with her SUV and leaving him to die in a major snowstorm on the front lawn of 34 Fairview Road in Canton on Jan. 29, 2022.

Efforts to dismiss

She was tried last year on charges of second-degree murder, manslaughter while operating a motor vehicle under the influence, and leaving the scene of an accident causing death, but that ended in mistrial on July 1, 2024, after the jury, in a succession of notes to the judge, reported an impasse.

Since Read’s last trial, the defense has mounted efforts to have charges tossed. So far, those efforts have failed before Cannone, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, the federal district court in Boston, and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.

The Supreme Court

On April 1, the same day jury selection began, appellate defense attorney Martin Weinberg filed a petition to the U.S. Supreme Court to consider Read’s case. He has also asked for the Supreme Court to issue a stay to the state courts until it has decided whether it will take up Read’s case.

On Wednesday, Associate Supreme Court Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson denied the request to stay the proceedings.

Also on Wednesday, however, Read’s Supreme Court docket reported that her request for their review of her Double Jeopardy claims was “Distributed for conference” with a consideration date of April 25, during which the court will decide whether it will take up the case.

By TODD RICHMOND and MARY KATHERINE WILDEMAN

During a hike in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in 1995, Don Barger climbed Chilhowee Mountain hoping to gaze across the valley below. All he saw was a wall of gray haze.

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Today, he said, he can see some 50 miles across that same valley to the Cumberland Mountains.

A 26-year-old federal regulation known as the regional haze rule has helped cut down on pollution over national parks, wilderness areas and tribal reservations, restoring some of the nation’s most spectacular natural vistas for outdoor lovers like Barger. But conservationists fear those gains may be lost after President Donald Trump’s administration announced in March the rule is among dozens of landmark environmental regulations that it plans to roll back.

“It means a promise that was made to the American public is lost,” Barger, 74, said. “More and more generations of people are going to grow up as ignorant as I was, not realizing what I’m missing and not seeing.”

Congress pushes to clean air over parks, wilderness areas

Haze forms when small particles of air pollution, such as sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides, scatter and absorb sunlight, blurring views and decreasing visibility.

Congress amended the Clean Air Act in 1977 to make restoring and maintaining visibility a goal for 156 national parks, wilderness areas, wildlife refuges and tribal reservations across 36 states. That includes places like the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee; Grand Canyon National Park; Glacier National Park; and the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness.

After years of drafting and litigation, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency adopted regulations known as the regional haze rule in 1999 to implement the amendments.

The rule calls for attaining natural visibility conditions by the year 2064 and mandates that states come up with plans that include limitations on emissions, compliance schedules and monitoring strategies. Older facilities that emit pollution, such as coal-fired power plants, must adopt mitigation technology such as scrubbers or shut down periodically to decrease overall annual emissions.

A work in progress

The states’ plans have been plagued with delays as the EPA approves parts of them and rejects others. For example, two big oil- and coal-producing states, North Dakota and Wyoming, and industry groups filed petitions in federal court in January seeking review of EPA decisions rejecting their plans, according to the Harvard Law School’s Environmental and Energy Law Program.

The rule works in conjunction with other federal antipollution regulations, but it’s been crucial in clearing the skies over national parks and wilderness areas.

An Associated Press analysis of data from a nationwide network of monitoring sites from 1999, when the rule was implemented, through 2023 shows 93% of the parks and wilderness areas have seen improved air quality on clear days. No parks or wilderness areas have seen any notable worsening in visibility.

Visibility in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park was twice as good on a typical clear day in 2023 as it was in 1999, marking the biggest improvement among the national parks.

The EPA estimates that between 2007 and 2018 the rule has cut 500,000 tons of sulfur dioxide and 300,000 tons of nitrous oxides annually. The average visual range has increased from 90 miles to 120 miles in some western parks and from 50 to 70 miles in some eastern parks, according to the Harvard program.

‘Most consequential day of deregulation’

Trump’s EPA administrator, Lee Zeldin, announced March 12 that the agency would look to roll back 31 landmark environmental regulations, including the regional haze rule. Zeldin called the announcement the “most consequential day of deregulation in American history” and said in an essay published in the Wall Street Journal that the administration is “driving a dagger through the heart of climate-change religion.”

FILE- Steam rises a the Norris Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park, Wyo., Spet. 2009. (AP Photo/Beth Harpaz, File)

Asked for comment on the regional haze rule, the EPA said they want to better account for pollution from outside the U.S. and from natural sources and avoid unnecessary burdens for states and industry.

Has the rule hurt energy producers?

In a cost-benefit analysis of the rule before it took effect, the EPA found it would cost energy producers up to $98 billion by 2025 while providing about $344 billion in benefits such as health care savings.

Producers argue that the haze rule has done its job and it doesn’t make sense to continue to impose costs on them.

“This is a matter of diminishing returns,” said Jonathan Fortner, interim president and CEO of the Lignite Energy Council, which advocates for North Dakota’s coal industry. “The air is clean, the data proves it, and the science backs that up. The rule’s being misapplied, not because we disagree with clean air goals, but because we’re already there.”

Two federal properties in North Dakota are subject to the rule, the Lostwood National Wildlife Refuge and Theodore Roosevelt National Park. The AP analysis found both sites have seen dramatic visibility improvements over the five years from 2019 to 2023.

EPA officials did not respond to an AP request for a list of power plants that have closed due to the regional haze rule. A number of energy industry groups did not return repeated requests for comment, including the U.S. Energy Association and the National Utility Contractors Association.

What’s next for the parks?

Advocates of the rule say eliminating it could lead to reduced tourism and the economic boom visitors bring to national park regions. The National Park Service estimates 325 million people visited national parks in 2023, spending $26.4 billion in gateway communities.

FILE – Sheer cliffs rise at Zion National Park, near Springdale, Utah., Sept. 16, 2015. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer, File)

Nothing appears likely to change overnight. Conservationists expect the Trump administration to pursue a rollback through language revisions in the rule, a process that would require a public comment period and would likely trigger court challenges that could last years.

“I’ve watched the Great Smoky Mountains National Park emerge from the chemical haze that once enshrouded it and was getting worse,” Barger said. “It’s just this visceral sense of place. We had lost it entirely. The Clean Air Act is working and it’s a work in progress. You have to stay with it or it doesn’t work.”

Associated Press Science Writer Seth Borenstein contributed to this report.

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