By HILLEL ITALIE, AP National Writer

NEW YORK (AP) — Salman Rushdie’s new book, his 23rd, is also a resetting of his career.

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“The Eleventh Hour,” which includes two short stories and three novellas, is his first work of fiction since he was brutally stabbed on a New York lecture stage in 2022. His recovery has been physical, psychological — and creative. Just finding the words for what happened was a painful struggle that culminated with his memoir “Knife,” published in 2024. Fiction, the ability to imagine, was the last and crucial step, like the awakening of nerves once feared damaged beyond repair.

“While I was writing ‘Knife,’ I couldn’t even think about fiction. I had no space in my head for that,” Rushdie told The Associated Press last week. “But almost immediately after I finished the book, before it came out, it’s like this door swung open in my head and I was allowed to enter the room of fiction again.”

Two of the pieces in his book out Tuesday, “In the South” and “The Old Man in the Piazza,” were completed before the attack. But all five share a preoccupation with age, mortality and memory, understandable for an author who will turn 79 next year and survived his attack so narrowly that doctors who rushed to help him initially could not find a pulse.

This cover image released by Random House shows “The Eleventh Hour” by Salman Rushdie. (Random House via AP)

“The Eleventh Hour” draws from Rushdie’s past, such as his years as a student in Cambridge, and from sources surprising and mysterious. The title character of “The Old Man in the Piazza,” an elderly man treated as a sage, originates from a scene in the original “Pink Panther” movie, when an aging pedestrian looks on calmly as a wild car chase encircles him. The novella “Oklahoma” was inspired by an exhibit of Franz Kafka’s papers that included the manuscript of “Amerika,” an unfinished novel about a European immigrant’s journeys in the U.S., which Kafka never visited.

For “Late,” Rushdie had expected a straightforward narrative about a student’s bond with a Cambridge don, an eminence inspired by author E.M. Forster and World War II code-breaker Alan Turing. But a morbid sentence, which Rushdie cannot remember writing, steered “Late” to the supernatural.

“I had initially thought that I would have this friendship, this improbable friendship between the young student and this grand old man,” Rushdie explained. “And then I sat down to write it, and the sentence I found on my laptop was, ‘When he woke up that morning, he was dead.’ And I thought, ‘What’s that?’ And I literally didn’t know where it came from. I just left it sitting on my laptop for 24 hours. I went back and looked at it, and then I thought, ‘You know, OK, as it happens, I’ve never written a ghost story.’”

Rushdie will always carry scars from his attack, notably the blinding of his right eye, but he has otherwise reemerged in public life, with planned appearances everywhere from Manhattan to San Francisco. A native of Mumbai, he moved to England in his teens and is now a longtime New Yorker who lives there with his wife, the poet Rachel Eliza Griffiths.

His most celebrated novel is “Midnight’s Children,” his magical narrative of the birth of modern India that won the Booker Prize in 1981. His most famous, and infamous, work, is “The Satanic Verses,” in which a dream sequence about the Prophet Muhammad led to allegations of blasphemy, rioting and a 1989 fatwa from Iran’s Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini that called for Rushdie’s death and drove him into hiding. Although Iran announced in the late 1990s that it would no longer enforce the decree, Rushdie’s notoriety continued: The author’s assailant, Hadi Matar, was not even born when “Satanic Verses” was published. Matar, found guilty of manslaughter and attempted murder in a state trial, was sentenced in May to 25 years in prison. A federal trial is still pending.

Rushdie also spoke with the AP about his legacy, his love of cities and how his near-death experience did not make him any more spiritual. This interview has been edited for clarity and brevity.

AP: Age is obviously a theme throughout this book, and something you had been thinking about it before the attack, the idea of “Will I be valued at the end?” “Does it matter that whatever knowledge I have accumulated?” These are things that you think about?

RUSHDIE: I think about what maybe all of us think about. What do we amount to in the end? What did our life add up to? Was it worth it or was it trivial and forgettable? And if you’re an artist, you have the added question of will your work survive? Not just will you survive, but will the things you make endure? Because certainly, if you’re my kind of writer, that’s what you hope for. And, it would be very disappointing to feel that they would just vanish.

But I really love the fact that “Midnight’s Children,” which came out in 1981, is still finding young readers, and that is very pleasing to me. That feels like a prize in itself.

AP: Something else that struck me about the book was how much it was a book of stories about stories. The conscious art of storytelling.

RUSHDIE: Yes, and much more than in the others. I think particularly the story called “Oklahoma” is very much a story about storytelling and about truth and lies.

According to (Kafka’s friend and literary executor) Max Brod, Kafka had this idea that when his character arrived in Oklahoma, he would find some kind of happiness. He would find some kind of resolution, some kind of fulfillment there. And I often thought the idea of a Kafka book with a happy ending is kind of hard to imagine, so maybe it’s just as well he didn’t write the last chapter. The Oklahoma in the story is entirely fictitious. I mean, he never went anywhere. He never came to America, Kafka. But it becomes like a metaphor of hope and of fulfillment.

AP: Was America like that for you?

RUSHDIE: It’s why I came to live here, because I was excited by a lot about America. New York City was a place that excited me enormously when I first came here in my 20s, when I was still working in advertising. But I just thought, “I just want to come and put myself here and see what happens.” I just had an instinct that it would be good for me. And then, you know, life intervened and I didn’t do it for a long time. And then around the turn of the century, I told myself, “Well, if you’re ever going to do it, you better do it, because otherwise, when are you going to do it?”

AP: I remember after the fatwa that people would refer to you as reclusive. But that is clearly not true.

RUSHDIE: I like being in the world. You know, one of the things that I have often said to students when they’re following the kind of “write what you know” mantra, I said, “Yeah, write what you know, but only if what you know is really interesting. And otherwise go find something out, write about that.” I always use the example of Charles Dickens, because one of the things that impresses me about Dickens is how broad the spectrum of his characters is, that he can write about all walks of life. He could write about pickpockets and archbishops with equal credibility, and that must mean that he went to find things out.

AP: Is there a part of you that likes the idea of being that old man in the piazza that people come to?

RUSHDIE: I don’t want to be a kind of guru or oracle. I don’t have answers. I have, I hope, interesting questions.

AP: Does writing fiction feel different to you than it did before what happened three years ago.

RUSHDIE: No, it just feels like I’m so glad to have it back. I hope that people reading the book feel a certain kind of joy in it because I certainly felt joyful writing it.

AP: Did any of that make you more spiritual?

RUSHDIE: I’m afraid it hasn’t. It has not performed that service.

AP: You are still in agreement with your friend Christopher Hitchens (the late author of “God Is Not Great”)?

RUSHDIE: Hitch and myself are still united in that zone of disbelief, aggressive disbelief.

In a final message, Jane Goodall urged us not to lose hope, even “as we destroy one ecosystem after another, as we create worse climate change and worse loss of biodiversity.” She believed our actions still mattered on this beautiful Earth. Above all, she said, in a statement released soon after her October 1 death:  “I want you to understand that we are part of the natural world.”

For some years now, I have been studying the art of wildlife tracking—specifically the identification of tracks and signs—as a way of deepening that understanding. I want to slow down, bend down, look, and really see. Humans have been doing this for millenia: matching shapes on the ground to meaning and story. In my own life, this new competence in the natural world has connected me more deeply to that world, with a greater desire to preserve its beauty and health. 

My intention is not to trail wild animals. I have no desire to startle or interfere in their secret lives, which are often short and already difficult. I received training from expert tracker Jonah Evans, a supervisor in the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, and I follow his creed: Do no harm. Instead, I find pleasure in seeing a track in the dirt and knowing that a striped skunk or bobcat or blue heron recently stood here. Perhaps an hour ago. Perhaps a day or week. As I bend down to look, I am profoundly, thankfully, aware that I’m not alone but surrounded by the nonhuman.

In particular, I love skunks. Whenever I see a skunk, I think: fashion show. Something from Chanel. A bit of art deco. That black and white aesthetic.

Striped skunk track (Kim A. Cabrera)

Texas is lucky to have four skunk species. The striped skunk seeks cities and suburbs partly for denning opportunities under porches and in garden and tool sheds. The hefty hog-nosed skunk can weigh up to ten pounds, and uses its long claws for digging and its powerful upper body and elongated snout to explore rocky areas; the back of a hog-nosed skunk tends to be luminously white, from the top of the head to its tail. The smallest and most carnivorous, Western and Eastern spotted skunks, both have coats of partial stripes or spots. 

All skunks, when threatened, might raise their tails and use a defensive spray. This concentrated sulfurous fluid can be deployed with accuracy at targets six feet away and with less accuracy up to 15 feet. Spotted skunks further intimidate by doing a handstand on their front feet, performing a split with their back legs, and walking forward in imitation of a flying carpet. Stop and imagine that for a moment, or watch it on YouTube. But skunks don’t want to use up their musk and might instead eject a warning smell or hiss and stamp their feet. 

If these strategies fail, a striped skunk will twist into a U shape so that its eyes and rump both face the threat. Its spray can burn skin and cause temporary blindness. The odor alone—a mix of rotten eggs, rotting cabbage, burnt garlic, burning tires, and something undecipherable —makes some people gag. Everyone, instinctively, backs away. 

Still, I rarely worry about a skunk targeting me. (Mostly because I don’t bring along a barking dog.) I keep a good distance from any wild animal, and healthy skunks are not usually aggressive. The result of their strong defense system is that skunks can often seem relatively docile and carefree. Adult striped skunks, weighing only a few pounds, have been videotaped eating from a carcass while a fox or mountain lion waits nearby. In 2017, Ohio State University biologist Stan Gehrt looked on while three coyotes circled a skunk atop a dead deer. The coyotes approached, retreated, split up, whined, fussed, nipped forward, nipped back. “It was hilarious watching this little animal standing on top of a dead buck, holding a pack of coyotes at bay,” Gehrt said, according to an account in the National Wildlife Federation journal. “The skunk never even sprayed.” 

Like other animals who have learned to adapt and live among humans (think coyote and white-tailed deer) the decorative striped skunk remains relatively common, though populations of the hog-nosed skunk and Western and Eastern spotted skunks have dropped. Globally, the Eastern spotted skunk has been listed as Vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, which tracks endangered species worldwide. In the Lone Star State, this species is particularly threatened by habitat loss due to agriculture, use of pesticides, and urban sprawl.

This is part of a larger alarming trend. In Texas, more than 1,300 animals and plants have been identified by experts as Species of Greatest Conservation Need, either rare or declining. Among the most endangered are charismatic creatures like ocelots and black bears. Rising sea levels and increased water temperatures particularly threaten the Kemp’s Ridley sea turtles and whooping cranes. (Whooping cranes can also be seen as a success story. Extensive conservation efforts have helped them rebound in Texas from near-extinction to a migratory population of about 400.) 

Climate change and disappearing or degraded habitat are causing similar losses worldwide. The populations of more than five thousand species of fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals have dropped by 73 percent since 1970, according to the World Wildlife Fund. Humans and domesticated livestock now account for 96 percent of the weight of mammals worldwide. Wild mammals add up to only 4 percent. The scientific term is defaunation. At first, that word feels awkward, stilted, like marbles in my mouth. Defaunation. Then it becomes exactly right. 

These losses are deeply felt by me and many other people. But loss is only part of the story and not where I like to focus my attention. I prefer the pleasures of identifying track and sign. A perfect skunk track is artwork on the ground. About 1 1⁄2 to 2 inches long, with five toes, the prints look winsomely like small human hands. On both front and back feet, the three middle toes are partially fused to facilitate digging. Two outer toes are only slightly splayed to the side. Front and hind tracks usually show handsome claw marks, with the digging claws of the front feet longer than the rear. In the hind track of a striped skunk, the single large heel pad is separated from the palm pad by a distinct seam, a distinguishing mark. That distinct seam always gives me a ping of satisfaction. Pattern recognition is its own reward.

Skunks—and coyotes—are often considered “pests,” something to dismiss or even scorn. But these animals belong to the wild world that remains on Earth, that ribbon of life winding secretly through our lives, slipping around our house at night, just ahead of us on the trail. They are precious reminders of what we have not yet destroyed or diminished.

In identifying the track and sign of wildlife, I want to celebrate and name them, “Striped skunk!” “Tree squirrel!” “Bobcat!” or “Gray fox!” This is a democratic thrill, something almost anyone can have almost anywhere, something you can do at almost any age or in any physical condition. So I bend down to look, using my imagination, my mirror neurons, and, yes, my reading glasses.

Jane Goodall spent her life observing animals. At 91, she was still exploring; on a trip this fall, she visited an animal park in the Texas Hill Country. Her connection to the natural world was profound. Each of us now can—and perhaps must—find our own connection, one that will lead to a greater commitment to shun pesticides, plant natives, protect habitat, and treat wildlife with respect. Change can begin in our backyards or on a walk. Wildlife is still threaded through our lives. We only have to pay attention.

The post Jane Goodall, the Natural World, and Why I Track Skunks appeared first on The Texas Observer.

By Corinne Purtill, Los Angeles Times

LOS ANGELES — Over the last decade, clinics have popped up across Southern California and beyond advertising something called magnetic e-resonance therapy, or MERT, as a therapy for autism.

Developed by the Newport Beach-based company Wave Neuroscience, MERT is based on transcranial magnetic stimulation, a type of brain stimulation that’s approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, migraines and smoking addiction.

Clinics licensing MERT have claimed that their trademarked version of the treatment can also produce “miraculous results” in kids with autism, improving their sleep, emotional regulation and communication abilities. A six-week course of MERT sessions typically costs $10,000 or more.

The FDA hasn’t approved MERT for this use. However, prescribing drugs or devices for conditions they aren’t approved for, which is known as off-label prescribing, is a legal and common practice in medicine.

But when such treatments are offered to vulnerable people, a group of researchers argue in a new peer-reviewed editorial in the medical journal Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, they should be evidence-based, clearly explained to patients and priced in a way that reflects the likelihood that they will work as advertised.

Most clinics advertising off-label TMS as a therapy for autism don’t meet those standards, the researchers say.

Autism is “the biggest off-label business . . . [and] the one that is the greatest concern,” said Dr. Andrew Leuchter, director of UCLA’s TMS Clinical and Research Service.

Leuchter is one of three researchers with TMS expertise who recently called for the establishment of ethical guidelines around off-label TMS marketing in the field’s primary journal.

Written with Lindsay Oberman, director of the Neurostimulation Research Program at the National Institute of Mental Health, and Dr. Holly Lisanby, founder of the NIMH Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit and dean of Arizona State University’s School of Medicine and Advanced Medical Engineering, the editorial singles out MERT as an “example of off-label TMS where there is negligible evidence of efficacy.”

“There is extremely limited scientific evidence at present that any form of TMS has efficacy and safety in improving the core symptoms of language, social skills, or behavioral disturbances associated with ASD,” the editorial states. “Websites and other promotional materials that fail to acknowledge this limited evidence-base can create a risk of bias and potential for false expectations.”

Dr. Erik Won, Wave’s president and chief medical officer, did not respond to requests for comment.

A Times investigation last year found there are no large scientific studies demonstrating that MERT is significantly better than a placebo at improving speech and communication challenges associated with autism. Wave has not conducted any clinical trials on MERT and autism.

Won said last year that Wave is working to obtain funding “for further studies and ultimately an FDA indication.”

Websites for clinics offering MERT often feature written testimonials from parents describing what they saw as positive changes in their children’s moods or spoken-language abilities after treatment sessions.

Without data, however, there is no way to know whether a patient’s anecdotal experience is typical or an outlier, according to Zoe Gross of the Autistic Self Advocacy Network, a nonprofit group run by and for autistic adults.

“Be wary of therapies that are sold to you with testimonials. If you go to a clinic website and they have dozens of quotes from parents saying, ‘This changed my child’s life in XYZ ways,’ that isn’t the same as evidence,” Gross told The Times last year.

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A therapy could have only a 1% success rate, she said, and still yield dozens of positive testimonials once thousands of people have tried it.

For families unsure of whether a particular commercial therapy might be valuable for their child, “ask the advice of a clinician or an autism scientist who is not connected to the facility providing a service, just to get a frank appraisal of whether it’s likely to be helpful or likely to be worth the money,” said James McPartland, director of the Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health, who is currently studying the relationship between TMS and social perception in autistic adults. “Before you want to ask someone to spend resources on it, you want to have a certain degree of confidence [that] it’s going to be useful.”

©2025 Los Angeles Times. Visit at latimes.com. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.

Whether you share one credit card account or you juggle multiple cards at once, managing credit cards with a partner requires a lot of coordination.

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It’s not just about day-to-day spending decisions where you agree upon which card to use at the grocery store and which to use at the doctor’s office. The way you use credit can help or hinder your shared financial goals, and that can affect your happiness as a couple.

Even if you maintain separate finances, your actions affect your whole household. It’s important to have candid, frequent talks about your credit card use so you can work toward a shared set of money goals.

Check in regularly

Scheduling money dates is crucial to managing your credit cards together. Set aside uninterrupted time where both of you can fully focus on the conversation — no dinner burning in the oven, no small children tugging on your pant legs. “Don’t have these talks when you’re tired, hungry or stressed. If someone’s in a bad mood, wait,” says Erika Wasserman, a certified financial therapist based in South Florida. “You both need to be in a place to receive information, not just share it.”

Once you establish a good time to talk, you also need to commit to a productive and emotionally safe conversation. One or both of you may be coming to the table with debt or spending habits you’re not proud of, but if you can be honest without fear, you can make more progress.

Talk about the things you’re struggling with. Perhaps the rewards program on one of your cards is too complex and you’re not using the card’s benefits, or you feel like it’s too easy to impulse-shop online.

Maybe one of you forgot to pay a credit card bill that month and you’d like to prevent that from happening again. Money dates are where you air out your issues so you can solve problems.

Create your shared credit strategy

Use your money date discussions to craft a list of actions to take, such as a plan for paying down debt, an agreement about who is responsible for paying which bills, or a strategy for using rewards cards for specific purchases.

“The key question is, ‘What outcome are you looking for?’” Wasserman says. “Then work backward from there.”

A money date won’t be a one-time event. Set up future meetings — perhaps quick weekly chats to discuss upcoming expenses, plus monthly or quarterly conversations to check in on longer-term goals. If one person takes on the sole responsibility for a task, like paying all credit card bills, check-ins can also keep them accountable so the other person isn’t left in the dark if a bill isn’t paid.

Carry the right credit cards for you

Don’t just talk about how to use the credit cards you have. Ask yourselves if you should still be using those cards at all.

“Equip people with tools that fit their behavior. If one partner struggles with credit cards, they should use a debit card, or even cash, while the other uses credit,” says Brian Page, accredited financial counselor and founder of Modern Husbands, where he helps couples manage their daily finances in their homes as a team. “This isn’t about control or economic abuse. It’s acknowledging that some folks aren’t well-suited to that tool while still working toward shared goals like qualifying for a mortgage at a good rate.”

Also consider whether you’ve outgrown any of your credit cards. Perhaps you travel differently than before, or your spending habits changed after you moved to a new city.

“I once worked with a couple who still had a Disney credit card from when their kids were small,” Wasserman says. “Years later, they realized they had $600 in Disney points, but no plans to go back to Disney anytime soon.”

At least once a year, look through your wallets. Have you stopped using any of your cards? Do any of them have unredeemed rewards you can still cash in? If you’re paying annual fees, do you get enough value out of your cards to offset them?

It could make sense to shop around for a new card, or perhaps upgrade or downgrade an existing one.

Set up systems for ongoing progress

Page recommends diagnosing the root cause of credit card issues, so you can put systems in place that will help you long after your motivation to change fades away. Switching to a new card might be all you need to do right now, but if spending habits are a problem, fixing them can take long-term commitment.

If overspending is an issue for you or your partner, make it harder to spend. Delete shopping apps from your phone and credit cards from your digital wallet. Don’t save card numbers online. When you feel the urge to buy something, taking the extra time to find your credit card in another room and manually entering the number will give you just enough time to reconsider.

“Make it slightly inconvenient to buy impulsively,” Page says. “Make it easy and automated to do the right things.”

Sara Rathner writes for NerdWallet. Email: srathner@nerdwallet.com.

The article Two People, Many Credit Cards: How Couples Can Manage Credit Together originally appeared on NerdWallet.