The St. Paul City Council plans to ask the state board that sets standards for officers and licenses them to “conduct a thorough investigation” of officers’ use of force during a recent federal immigration operation.

A resolution to be introduced at the council’s Wednesday afternoon meeting also says the council will conduct an analysis, including a public discussion, of the city’s ordinance adopted in 2004 “that establishes a clear line of separation between the actions of local law enforcement and those of federal immigration authorities.”

Finally, the council will direct the city’s Office of Financial Services to audit all St. Paul police costs for personnel, equipment and supplies during the Nov. 25 ICE action in Payne-Phalen, says the resolution, which is subject to change at the council meeting.

Community members: Officers used force on people protesting, observing

The council action is happening because community members reported they witnessed St. Paul officers “using force on residents who were exercising their First Amendment rights to observe and protest an action undertaken by federal agents from Homeland Security Investigations (“HSI”),” the resolution says.

On the morning of Nov. 25, federal deportation officers were conducting an operation in St. Paul to arrest an undocumented person who’d previously been removed from the United States and who had re-entered unlawfully, according to a probable cause statement signed by an Immigration and Customs Enforcement deportation officer and filed with a criminal complaint in federal court.

ICE ultimately arrested two men in the 600 block of East Rose Avenue. One is charged in federal court with assaulting and impeding a federal officer by allegedly striking the officer’s vehicle with his own, and improper entry to the U.S. He has entered a plea of not guilty.

The St. Paul Police Department has said in a statement that they were called to assist when “the federal perimeter was broken by protesters. The street was compromised with foot and vehicle traffic, and a dangerous situation was unfolding.”

Police Chief Axel Henry said “reports came out that people were starting to arm themselves with rocks and sticks. … I asked additional officers to come to the scene to make the scene safe for both those who were there to protest those events and for the agents themselves.”

Plan to ask POST Board for investigation

Communities United Against Police Brutality says St. Paul officers violated department policies on police interactions during First Amendment-protected activities, to include protests, including by spraying people in the face with pepper spray when they were not violating the law and shooting pepper ball and other munitions “indiscriminately into the crowd.”

The city council resolution says they will work with the Board of Peace Officer Standards and Training “to conduct a thorough investigation into SPPD’s use of force.”

The POST Board’s website says they are “limited to addressing officer behavior that violates the standards of conduct for peace officers outlined” in Minnesota rules.

Police Chief Henry has said the department is conducting “a full review of the department’s response,” which includes “viewing hundreds of hours of body camera footage, as well as footage being shared by community members.”

Council plans analysis of separation ordinance

The council resolution says the events of Nov. 25 “have created public doubt surrounding the integrity of the city’s separation ordinance and the conduct of SPPD officers.”

That’s prompting the council to say it will conduct an analysis of the city’s separation ordinance “and other legal limitations on city law enforcement as well as on the operations of federal immigration enforcement officers acting within the city of St. Paul.”

The council plans to vote on the resolution Wednesday afternoon. The actions in the resolution will “be initiated immediately following its adoption,” the resolution says.

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The St. Paul Chamber Orchestra announced a balanced budget for the fiscal year ending June 30 at its annual meeting of members on Tuesday. It marks the orchestra’s 30th balanced budget out of the past 32 years.

The group made a dip into its Rainy Day Fund to achieve the goal. The SPCO created the fund in 2018 as a proactive measure and is currently in the first of a multi-year plan to grow revenues, reduce expenses and cut back on the draw on the fund.

Total operating revenue for the period was $9,688,153, an increase of 7.7 percent over the previous season. Of that total operating revenue, contributed revenue accounted for 58 percent, earned revenue from ticket sales accounted for 19.7 percent and the endowment contributed 22.3 percent. The endowment grew 18.3 percent over the prior year, including contributions and market performance.

The orchestra’s concert membership program saw an increase of 29 percent, while attendance matched that of the previous fiscal year, totaling 68,476 attendees during the 2024-25 season.

“It’s been wonderful to come into an organization with such a strong history of artistic excellence, financial discipline and care for the community,” said president and managing director Jessica Mallow Gulley, who assumed the position in October following her predecessor Jon Limbacher’s retirement. “I applaud all of the excellent work that took place this last year, and previous years, and am looking forward to how we will be able to build off of the strong foundation that the organization has built.”

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Other highlights from the annual meeting include:

Artistic partners: The season featured four returning SPCO artistic partners. Across 22 concerts, the orchestra collaborated with British Baroque specialist Richard Egarr, South African cellist Abel Selaocoe, Hungarian conductor Gábor Takács-Nagy and German violist Tabea Zimmermann.

New works: The SPCO commissioned 12 new works across nine concert programs, including 11 premieres. The orchestra’s Sandbox Composer Residency, first established in the 2022-23 season, aims to support the creation of new music in a long-term, collaborative relationship with composers. Valerie Coleman was the 2024-25 season’s composer-in-residence and, in May, the orchestra premiered her new work written in commemoration of the anniversary of George Floyd’s death.

Digital library: The free digital concert library received 50,874 visits from Minnesota and 136,946 visits worldwide. The library currently hosts 13 video and 44 audio recordings of complete SPCO concerts.

Affordable tickets: Twenty years after the SPCO committed to lower ticket prices, the 2024-25 season saw 29 percent of tickets (19,961) sold for $16 or less. Additionally, 11,132 tickets, 16 percent of the total audience, were distributed free of charge, of which almost 64% went to children and students.

By JONEL ALECCIA, Associated Press

Federal health officials on Wednesday expanded an outbreak of infant botulism tied to recalled ByHeart baby formula to include all illnesses reported since the company began production in March 2022.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration said investigators “cannot rule out the possibility that contamination might have affected all ByHeart formula products” ever made.

The outbreak now includes at least 51 infants in 19 states. The new case definition includes “any infant with botulism who was exposed to ByHeart formula at any time since the product’s release,” according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The most recent illness was reported on Dec. 1.

No deaths have been reported in the outbreak, which was announced Nov. 8.

Previously, health officials had said the outbreak included 39 suspected or confirmed cases of infant botulism reported in 18 states since August. That’s when officials at California’s Infant Botulism Treatment and Prevention Program reported a rise in treatment of infants who had consumed ByHeart formula. With the expanded definition, the CDC identified 10 additional cases that occurred from December 2023 through July 2025.

ByHeart, a New York-based manufacturer of organic infant formula founded in 2016, recalled all its products sold in the U.S. on Nov. 11. The company, which accounts for about 1% of the U.S. infant formula market, had been selling about 200,000 cans of the product each month.

News that ByHeart products could have been contaminated for years was distressing to Andi Galindo, whose 5-week-old daughter, Rowan, was hospitalized in December 2023 with infant botulism after drinking the formula. Galindo, 36, of Redondo Beach, California, said she insisted on using ByHeart formula to supplement a low supply of breast milk because it was recommended by a lactation consultant as “very natural, very gentle, very good for the babies.”

“That’s a hard one,” Galindo said. “If there is proof that there were issues with their manufacturing and their plant all the way back from the beginning, that is a problem and they really need to be held accountable.”

ByHeart officials did not immediately respond to questions about the expanded outbreak.

Lab tests detected contamination

The FDA sent inspectors last month to ByHeart plants in Allerton, Iowa, and Portland, Oregon, where the formula is produced and packaged. The agency has released no results from those inspections.

The company previously reported that tests by an independent laboratory showed that 36 samples from three different lots contained the type of bacteria that can cause infant botulism.

Inspection documents showed that ByHeart had a history of problems with contamination.

In 2022, the year ByHeart started making formula, the company recalled five batches of infant formula after a sample at a packaging plant tested positive for a different germ, cronobacter sakazakii. In 2023, the FDA sent a warning letter to the company detailing “areas that still require corrective actions.”

A ByHeart plant in Reading, Pennsylvania, was shut down in 2023 just before FDA inspectors found problems with mold, water leaks and insects, inspection documents show.

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Infant botulism is rare

Infant botulism is a rare disease that affects fewer than 200 babies in the U.S. each year. It’s caused when infants ingest botulism bacteria that produce spores that germinate in the intestines, creating a toxin that affects the nervous system. Babies are vulnerable until about age 1 because their gut microbiomes are not mature enough to fight the toxin.

Baby formula has previously been linked to sporadic cases of illness, but no known outbreaks of infant botulism tied to powdered formula have previously been confirmed, according to research studies.

Symptoms can take up to 30 days to develop and can include constipation, poor feeding, loss of head control, drooping eyelids and a flat facial expression. Babies may feel “floppy” and can have problems swallowing or breathing.

The sole treatment for infant botulism is known as BabyBIG, an IV medication made from the pooled blood plasma of adults immunized against botulism. California’s infant botulism program developed the product and is the sole source worldwide.

The antibodies provided by BabyBIG are likely most effective for about a month, although they may continue circulating in the child’s system for several months, said Dr. Sharon Nachman, an expert in pediatric infectious disease at Stony Brook Children’s Hospital.

“The risk to the infant is ongoing and the family should not be using this formula after it was recalled,” Nachman said in an email.

Families of several babies treated for botulism after drinking ByHeart formula have sued the company. Lawsuits filed in federal courts allege that the formula they fed their children was defective and ByHeart was negligent in selling it. They seek financial payment for medical bills, emotional distress and other harm.

The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The AP is solely responsible for all content.

An 8-year-old boy died from injuries sustained in a two-vehicle crash Tuesday morning in the 1500 block of County Road A in Richmond Township, Wis.

A 2004 Chrysler Pacifica, which had been traveling southbound, lost control on an icy curve and hit a 2018 Suburu Outback that was traveling northbound, according to the St. Croix County Sheriff’s office.

The driver of the Chrysler was identified as Alisha M. Hailey, 27, from New Richmond, Wis. Her passenger, Owen P. Hailey, 8, was seated in the third row of the van. Owen suffered critical injuries and life saving measures were performed. He was taken to Westfields Hospital in New Richmond and then by ambulance to Regions Hospital in St. Paul, where he died later that evening. Alisha Hailey sustained serious injuries and was treated at Regions. Both wore seatbelts at the time of the crash.

The driver of the Suburu was Linda D. Stefonek, 71, of New Richmond. She was treated for minor injuries at the scene and released. She wore a seatbelt at the time of the crash.

The New Richmond Youth Hockey Association posted on Facebook news of the accident and asked the community to “put their sticks out and leave a light on for one of our own.”

“Owen was a 4th year Mite in our association and a wonderful friend to so many in our hockey family. We as a hockey family mourn the loss of Owen, but we stand committed to being there to support his family,” the post read.

This incident represents the 10th traffic fatality recorded by St. Croix County in 2025.

This crash remains under investigation.

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